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DNA repair and cellular maintenance NAD fuels enzymes like PARPs (poly ADP-ribose polymerases) that repair damaged DNA

Unlike oral supplements, B12 injections bypass the digestive system for 100% absorption, providing immediate energy, improved mental clarity, and enhanced mood

Injections are more effective for those with absorption issues or severe deficiency, but oral supplements work well for most people with mild deficiency and normal absorption

via Healthline

It primarily affects the gastrointestinal and nervous systems of cats, leading to a wide range of symptoms such as fever, weight loss, loss of appetite, and neurological abnormalities